EMPOWERING DIGITAL TWIN FOR FUTURE NETWORKS WITH GRAPH NEURAL NETWORKS: OVERVIEW, ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES, CHALLENGES, AND OPPORTUNITIES

Empowering Digital Twin for Future Networks with Graph Neural Networks: Overview, Enabling Technologies, Challenges, and Opportunities

As the complexity and scale of modern networks continue to grow, the need for efficient, secure management, and optimization becomes increasingly Sifters vital.Digital twin (DT) technology has emerged as a promising approach to address these challenges by providing a virtual representation of the physical network, enabling analysis, diagnosis, emul

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Application of Kinoform CGHs to an ID Tag System

In this paper, we successfully apply multilevel kinoform computer-generated hologram (CGH) patterns, which are recorded on a fine texture paper by a photo printer, into the hologram Hinges identification (ID) tag system.The 11-level kinoform CGH images are generated on our tag samples by a modified simulated annealing method at a low quantization e

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Finding the Exact Radiative Field of Triangular Sources: Application for More Effective Shading Devices and Windows

Triangles are an ever-present feature in nature, which the building construction industry duly echoes.However, an exact expression intended to supply the radiant field of any triangle in an upright or inclined position has not been identified by previous research.In this case, the author has been able to solve, via direct integration, the canonical

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